home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- <text id=90TT0799>
- <title>
- Apr. 02, 1990: The Germanys:Death Of A Republic
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
- Apr. 02, 1990 Nixon Memoirs
- The Reunification of Germany
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- WORLD, Page 30
- THE GERMANYS
- Death of a Republic
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>After demonstrating the democratic spirit of their brethren
- across the border, East Germans get down to the hard task of
- shaping what may be their last government
- </p>
- <p> The day after the first free election in East German
- history, a group of teachers in the southwestern city of Halle
- sat smoking cigarettes and talking about the balloting. Fred
- Hichert, an engineering instructor, said his vote for the
- victorious Christian Democratic Union was not only a bid for
- the quick melding of the two German economies but also a sign
- of his disgust with the long-ruling Communists. "They've had
- 40 years to test out their theories," he said. "Look at what
- they gave us." He gestured toward a crumbling row of apartments.
- A few blocks away, in Halle's central market place, the CDU's
- campaign promise of quick prosperity seemed to have already
- arrived. West German vendors had set up tables in the square,
- selling everything from leather coats and potted plants to
- French asparagus and Italian kiwifruits.
- </p>
- <p> If formal unification is still months away, East Germans
- demonstrated last week that they are at one with the democratic
- spirit of their Western brethren. Fully 93% of the East German
- electorate turned out to hammer the last nail in the
- Communists' coffin. A three-party alliance headed by the CDU,
- West German Chancellor Helmut Kohl's sister party, shocked the
- supposedly front-running Social Democratic Party by winning 48%
- of the vote. The SPD captured only 22%. The conservative
- alliance fell just eight seats short of a majority in the
- 400-member Volkskammer, or parliament. Although that forced
- negotiations over the shape of the new government, one thing
- was clear. "This weekend," said East German writer Stefan Heym,
- "the German Democratic Republic died."
- </p>
- <p> While the vote was widely interpreted as a grass-roots
- thumbs-up for the rapid unification of the two Germanys,
- preparations for the funeral of the G.D.R.'s failed experiment
- in communism have only begun. To guide East Germany through the
- intricacies of unification, the triumphant conservatives in
- East Berlin must first build a government. Last week the CDU
- reached out to the Social Democrats, asking them to join a
- "grand coalition" in hopes of forging the two-thirds
- parliamentary majority required for constitutional changes.
- </p>
- <p> So far, the defeated SPD has shown little inclination to
- cooperate. Some East German analysts suggest that the SPD does
- not want to lose its standing as the leading opposition to the
- Party of Democratic Socialism, the newly retooled communist
- organization, which took a surprising 16% of last week's vote.
- Others suggest that the Social Democrats' reluctance is
- inspired by Oskar Lafontaine, the SPD candidate who will
- confront Kohl in West Germany's national elections this
- December. Lafontaine may fear that by joining a grand coalition,
- his sister party in the East would be seen as a handmaiden of
- CDU policies.
- </p>
- <p> The CDU was further rocked last week by the old apparat.
- Three days after the election, CDU leader Lothar de Maiziere
- was accused of cooperating with the Stasi, the despised state
- security police under the old regime. The information came from
- the same sources who had supplied the documents that destroyed
- the brief political career of Wolfgang Schnur, leader of the
- small Democratic Awakening, a partner in the CDU alliance.
- Schnur resigned when the reports charging that he had provided
- information to the Stasi about his dissident clients proved
- true.
- </p>
- <p> De Maiziere, a lawyer, says that in his own legal work he
- was forced to have some contact with the Stasi while defending
- dissidents. The Stasi stain could spread to other parties,
- including the SPD. There are charges that as many as 40 of the
- 400 new deputies may have been in the service of the secret
- police. If any of these men are forced to resign as a result
- of their past activities, warns Manfred Stolpe, a top East
- German churchman, "this would be a terrible blow for our young
- democracy."
- </p>
- <p> Educated at the Huguenots' Gray Cloister High School in
- Berlin, where he studied the viola, De Maiziere had to abandon
- his musical career when he developed a neural impairment in his
- left arm. He then took up legal studies and eventually became
- known for his defense of conscientious objectors and other
- dissidents. Slight of build and speaking with a soft lisp, De
- Maiziere, 50, is a religious man who has never demonstrated an
- appetite for public life. But he answered the call when he was
- asked last fall to cleanse the CDU of the stigma it bore from
- decades of cooperation with the Communists.
- </p>
- <p> The most urgent task facing the new government will be to
- end the uncertainty over currency union, which is delaying
- investment in East Germany. Last week several West German
- politicians hinted that the deutsche mark will become the
- currency of both Germanys by June 30. At that time, East
- Germans will be able to exchange a maximum of 2,000 marks
- ($1,170) in cash and 3,000 marks ($1,755) in savings at the
- rate of 1 to 1; the current official rate is 4.2 to 1.
- </p>
- <p> Even currency union, however, will not end East Germany's
- headaches. There is an evident shortage of competent
- non-Communists. Admits CDU spokesman Helmut Luck: "We are
- desperately looking for suitable people to fill top
- administrative posts." But it will be no easy task persuading
- people to take jobs in a government that is likely to disappear
- in a year or two.
- </p>
- <p>By Jill Smolowe. Reported by James O. Jackson/Bonn and Frederick
- Ungeheuer/Berlin.
- </p>
- <p>HOW THE PARTIES ARE SEATED
- </p>
- <p>Christian Democratic Union--164 seats
- </p>
- <p> Led by Lothar de Maiziere, the victorious CDU was formerly
- a junior partner in the Communist-led government. Now aligned
- with West Germany's ruling party, it heads a coalition that
- inclues the right-wing German Social Union (25 seats) and
- Democratic Awakening (4 seats), a vanguard opposition group.
- </p>
- <p>Social Democratic Party--87 seats
- </p>
- <p> Born in October 1989, the SPD had been expected to fare
- better in the polls. The party is led by former dissident
- Ibrahim Bohme, but West German ex-Chancellor Willy Brandt
- serves as honorary chairman of the Social Democrats, both east
- and west.
- </p>
- <p>Party Of Democratic Socialism--65 seats
- </p>
- <p> The newly revamped Communist Party, which went by the name
- Socialist Unity Party during the four decades it ran East
- German politics, mounted a surprisingly strong showing. Leader
- Gregor Gysi aims to position the party as the primary
- opposition force.
- </p>
- <p>Alliance Of Free Democrats--21 seats
- </p>
- <p> This group, aligned with West Germany's Free Democrats,
- includes three liberal groups: the German Forum Party, the Free
- Democratic Party and the Liberal Democratic Party.
- </p>
- <p>Others--34 seats
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
-